Keyboard Instruments: Organs, Harpsichords, Pianos, Keyboards & Synthesizers

Even non-musicians are familiar with keyboardreason that people believe the harpsichord was the
instruments. Few people reach adulthood withoutfirst keyboard instrument. Modern pianos are based on
having had at least one opportunity to bang on aa very similar design to its predecessors. Harpsichords,
keyboard of some type. However, many peoplehowever, were much smaller (though larger than the
(including musicians) aren't aware of the history behindclavichord). The harpsichord had many variations that
keyboard instruments. Their evolution is bothoperated on the same basic musical principles. Some
fascinating and surprising.of these include the virginal, the spinet and the
Many people mistakenly believe that the harpsichordclavicytherium.
was the earliest keyboard instrument. HarpsichordsLike music trends always do, the harpsichord fell out of
were undoubtedly a precursor to the piano. However,fashion upon the advent of the piano. The piano,
the pipe organ actually predates the harpsichord bythough usually a bit larger, produced a cleaner sound.
some 1100 years. In fact, the pipe organ was the onlyHarpsichords became all but obsolete within just a few
keyboard instrument until the invention of the clavichorddecades. Ironically, harpsichords have come back into
and the harpsichord.fashion in recent years because of their unique and
The earliest pipe organs were massive structures.distinctive sound. They are often heard as part of the
Upon their emergence, few companies actually madebackup for many contemporary songs, though
pipe organs. Even fewer people were trained to installrelatively few people actually own a genuine
and repair them. Their size and complexity made themharpsichord.
difficult to work with, although the sound they producedThe piano is by far the most common keyboard
was magnificent. Pipe organs often contained multipleinstrument today. They are found in nearly every
keyboards to operate the many pipes and produceschool and church in North America, as well as in
the rich sounds that the instrument is associated with.millions of private homes. Most every music student
Naturally, this was not the type of instrument that thehas at least some piano training. They are one of the
average person played at home. Most pipe organseasiest instruments to learn to play and provide a
were located in churches and concert halls.good musical basis for learning other instruments.
Eventually, more compact versions were invented.Of course, with an electronics-loving society came the
Pipe organs evolved into regular organs, which mostnatural evolution of the piano to a plug-in version.
people of today are familiar with. They were moreThese are commonly referred to as synthesizers.
easily afforded by smaller parishes and even privateAside from the obvious difference from the piano in
owners. They were also much more compact andthe requirement of electricity, synthesizers are capable
easier to repair.of mimicking many different instruments. Even the
The clavichord entered the scene in the early 15thmost rudimentary of synthesizers usually have several
century. It first emerged as a "practice instrument."different instrument modes. The more complex the
Since not all musicians could afford or had easymachine, the more sounds it is able to reproduce. More
access to an organ, the clavichord became aexpensive models are extremely complex and
convenient alternative. It provided organists a meanstechnical. Their technology is of such quality that it can
for practicing at home without having to go to a churchbe difficult to distinguish their sound from the actual
or other location to find an organ. Clavichords wereinstrument they are mimicking.
smaller than today's piano and may be compared toNew advances in technology, especially in computers,
today's smaller keyboard synthesizers, minus the needare being made every year. How this will affect the
for electricity.further evolution of keyboard instruments remains to
It was likely very shortly after that the harpsichordbe seen. It appears, though, that the good old fashioned
was invented. The harpsichord more closelypiano is here to stay for awhile.
resembled today's piano. This may be part of the