| I. The Genetic BlueprintA decade after
| |
| | (=applets, small applications). Anytime
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| the invention of the World Wide Web, Tim
| |
| | the user wishes to use one of the
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| Berners-Lee is promoting the "Semantic
| |
| | functions of the application, he will
|
| Web". The Internet hitherto is a
| |
| | siphon it off the central computer. When
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| repository of digital content. It has a
| |
| | finished - he will "return" it.
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| rudimentary inventory system and very
| |
| | Processing speeds and response times will
|
| crude data location services. As a sad
| |
| | be such that the user will not feel at
|
| result, most of the content is invisible
| |
| | all that he is not interacting with his
|
| and inaccessible. Moreover, the Internet
| |
| | own software (the question of ownership
|
| manipulates strings of symbols, not
| |
| | will be very blurred). This technology is
|
| logical or semantic propositions. In
| |
| | available and it provoked a heated
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| other words, the Net compares values but
| |
| | debated about the future shape of the
|
| does not know the meaning of the values
| |
| | computing industry as a whole (desktops -
|
| it thus manipulates. It is unable to
| |
| | really power packs - or network
|
| interpret strings, to infer new facts, to
| |
| | computers, a little more than dumb
|
| deduce, induce, derive, or otherwise
| |
| | terminals). Access to online applications
|
| comprehend what it is doing. In short, it
| |
| | are already offered to corporate users by
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| does not understand language. Run an
| |
| | ASPs (Application Service Providers).In
|
| ambiguous term by any search engine and
| |
| | the last few years, scientists have
|
| these shortcomings become painfully
| |
| | harnessed the combined power of online
|
| evident. This lack of understanding of
| |
| | PC's to perform astounding feats of
|
| the semantic foundations of its raw
| |
| | distributed parallel processing. Millions
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| material (data, information) prevent
| |
| | of PCs connected to the net co-process
|
| applications and databases from sharing
| |
| | signals from outer space, meteorological
|
| resources and feeding each other. The
| |
| | data, and solve complex equations. This
|
| Internet is discrete, not continuous. It
| |
| | is a prime example of a collective brain
|
| resembles an archipelago, with users
| |
| | in action.B. The Intranet - a Logical
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| hopping from island to island in a
| |
| | Extension of the Collective ComputerLANs
|
| frantic search for relevancy.Even
| |
| | (Local Area Networks) are no longer a
|
| visionaries like Berners-Lee do not
| |
| | rarity in corporate offices. WANs (wide
|
| contemplate an "intelligent Web". They
| |
| | Area Networks) are used to connect
|
| are simply proposing to let users,
| |
| | geographically dispersed organs of the
|
| content creators, and web developers
| |
| | same legal entity (branches of a bank,
|
| assign descriptive meta-tags ("name of
| |
| | daughter companies of a conglomerate, a
|
| hotel") to fields, or to strings of
| |
| | sales force). Many LANs and WANs are
|
| symbols ("Hilton"). These meta-tags
| |
| | going wireless.The wireless intranet
|
| (arranged in semantic and relational
| |
| | extranet and LANs are the wave of the
|
| "ontologies" - lists of metatags, their
| |
| | future. They will gradually eliminate
|
| meanings and how they relate to each
| |
| | their fixed line counterparts. The
|
| other) will be read by various
| |
| | Internet offers equal,
|
| applications and allow them to process
| |
| | platform-independent,
|
| the associated strings of symbols
| |
| | location-independent and time of day -
|
| correctly (place the word "Hilton" in
| |
| | independent access to corporate memory
|
| your address book under "hotels"). This
| |
| | and nervous system. Sophisticated
|
| will make information retrieval more
| |
| | firewall security applications protect
|
| efficient and reliable and the
| |
| | the privacy and confidentiality of the
|
| information retrieved is bound to be more
| |
| | intranet from all but the most determined
|
| relevant and amenable to higher level
| |
| | and savvy crackers.The Intranet is an
|
| processing (statistics, the development
| |
| | inter-organizational communication
|
| of heuristic rules, etc.). The shift is
| |
| | network, constructed on the platform of
|
| from HTML (whose tags are concerned with
| |
| | the Internet and it, therefore, enjoys
|
| visual appearances and content indexing)
| |
| | all its advantages. The extranet is open
|
| to languages such as the DARPA Agent
| |
| | to clients and suppliers as well.The
|
| Markup Language, OIL (Ontology Inference
| |
| | company's server can be accessed by
|
| Layer or Ontology Interchange Language),
| |
| | anyone authorized, from anywhere, at any
|
| or even XML (whose tags are concerned
| |
| | time (with local - rather than
|
| with content taxonomy, document
| |
| | international - communication costs). The
|
| structure, and semantics). This would
| |
| | user can leave messages (internal e-mail
|
| bring the Internet closer to the classic
| |
| | or v-mail), access information -
|
| library card catalogue.Even in its
| |
| | proprietary or public - from it, and
|
| current, pre-semantic,
| |
| | participate in "virtual teamwork" (see
|
| hyperlink-dependent, phase, the Internet
| |
| | next chapter).The development of measures
|
| brings to mind Richard Dawkins' seminal
| |
| | to safeguard server routed
|
| work "The Selfish Gene" (OUP, 1976). This
| |
| | inter-organizational communication
|
| would be doubly true for the Semantic
| |
| | (firewalls) is the solution to one of two
|
| Web.Dawkins suggested to generalize the
| |
| | obstacles to the institutionalization of
|
| principle of natural selection to a law
| |
| | Intranets. The second problem is the
|
| of the survival of the stable. "A stable
| |
| | limited bandwidth which does not permit
|
| thing is a collection of atoms which is
| |
| | the efficient transfer of audio (not to
|
| permanent enough or common enough to
| |
| | mention video).It is difficult to conduct
|
| deserve a name". He then proceeded to
| |
| | video conferencing through the Internet.
|
| describe the emergence of "Replicators" -
| |
| | Even the voices of discussants who use
|
| molecules which created copies of
| |
| | internet phones (IP telephony) come out
|
| themselves. The Replicators that survived
| |
| | (though very slightly) distorted.All this
|
| in the competition for scarce raw
| |
| | did not prevent 95% of the Fortune 1000
|
| materials were characterized by high
| |
| | from installing intranet. 82% of the rest
|
| longevity, fecundity, and
| |
| | intend to install one by the end of this
|
| copying-fidelity. Replicators (now known
| |
| | year. Medium to big size American firms
|
| as "genes") constructed "survival
| |
| | have 50-100 intranet terminals per every
|
| machines" (organisms) to shield them from
| |
| | internet one.One of the greatest
|
| the vagaries of an ever-harsher
| |
| | advantages of the intranet is the ability
|
| environment.This is very reminiscent of
| |
| | to transfer documents between the various
|
| the Internet. The "stable things" are
| |
| | parts of an organization. Consider Visa:
|
| HTML coded web pages. They are
| |
| | it pushed 2 million documents per day
|
| replicators - they create copies of
| |
| | internally in 1996.An organization
|
| themselves every time their "web address"
| |
| | equipped with an intranet can (while
|
| (URL) is clicked. The HTML coding of a
| |
| | protected by firewalls) give its clients
|
| web page can be thought of as "genetic
| |
| | or suppliers access to non-classified
|
| material". It contains all the
| |
| | correspondence, or inventory systems.
|
| information needed to reproduce the page.
| |
| | Many B2B exchanges and industry-specific
|
| And, exactly as in nature, the higher the
| |
| | purchasing management systems are based
|
| longevity, fecundity (measured in links
| |
| | on extranets.C. The Transport of
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| to the web page from other web sites),
| |
| | Information - Mail and ChatThe Internet
|
| and copying-fidelity of the HTML code -
| |
| | (its e-mail function) is eroding
|
| the higher its chances to survive (as a
| |
| | traditional mail. 90% of customers with
|
| web page).Replicator molecules (DNA) and
| |
| | on-line access use e-mail from time to
|
| replicator HTML have one thing in common
| |
| | time and 60% work with it regularly. More
|
| - they are both packaged information. In
| |
| | than 2 billion messages traverse the
|
| the appropriate context (the right
| |
| | internet daily.E-mail applications are
|
| biochemical "soup" in the case of DNA,
| |
| | available as freeware and are included in
|
| the right software application in the
| |
| | all browsers. Thus, the Internet has
|
| case of HTML code) - this information
| |
| | completely assimilated what used to be a
|
| generates a "survival machine" (organism,
| |
| | separate service, to the extent that many
|
| or a web page).The Semantic Web will only
| |
| | people make the mistake of thinking that
|
| increase the longevity, fecundity, and
| |
| | e-mail is a feature of the Internet.The
|
| copying-fidelity or the underlying code
| |
| | internet will do to phone calls what it
|
| (in this case, OIL or XML instead of
| |
| | has done to mail. Already there are
|
| HTML). By facilitating many more
| |
| | applications (Intel's, Vocaltec's,
|
| interactions with many other web pages
| |
| | Net2Phone) which enable the user to
|
| and databases - the underlying
| |
| | conduct a phone conversation through his
|
| "replicator" code will ensure the
| |
| | computer. The voice quality has improved.
|
| "survival" of "its" web page (=its
| |
| | The discussants can cut into each others
|
| survival machine). In this analogy, the
| |
| | words, argue and listen to tonal nuances.
|
| web page's "DNA" (its OIL or XML code)
| |
| | Today, the parties (two or more) engaging
|
| contains "single genes" (semantic
| |
| | in the conversation must possess the same
|
| meta-tags). The whole process of life is
| |
| | software and the same (computer)
|
| the unfolding of a kind of Semantic
| |
| | hardware. In the very near future,
|
| Web.In a prophetic paragraph, Dawkins
| |
| | computer-to-regular phone applications
|
| described the Internet:"The first thing
| |
| | will eliminate this requirement. And,
|
| to grasp about a modern replicator is
| |
| | again, simultaneous multi-modality: the
|
| that it is highly gregarious. A survival
| |
| | user can talk over the phone, see his
|
| machine is a vehicle containing not just
| |
| | party, send e-mail, receive messages and
|
| one gene but many thousands. The
| |
| | transfer documents - without obstructing
|
| manufacture of a body is a cooperative
| |
| | the flow of the conversation.The cost of
|
| venture of such intricacy that it is
| |
| | transferring voice will become so
|
| almost impossible to disentangle the
| |
| | negligible that free voice traffic is
|
| contribution of one gene from that of
| |
| | conceivable in 3-5 years. Data traffic
|
| another. A given gene will have many
| |
| | will overtake voice traffic by a wide
|
| different effects on quite different
| |
| | margin.The next phase will probably
|
| parts of the body. A given part of the
| |
| | involve virtual reality. Each of the
|
| body will be influenced by many genes and
| |
| | parties will be represented by an
|
| the effect of any one gene depends on
| |
| | "avatar", a 3-D figurine generated by the
|
| interaction with many others...In terms
| |
| | application (or the user's likeness
|
| of the analogy, any given page of the
| |
| | mapped and superimposed on the the
|
| plans makes reference to many different
| |
| | avatar). These figurines will be
|
| parts of the building; and each page
| |
| | multi-dimensional: they will possess
|
| makes sense only in terms of
| |
| | their own communication patterns, special
|
| cross-reference to numerous other
| |
| | habits, history, preferences - in short:
|
| pages."What Dawkins neglected in his
| |
| | their own "personality".Thus, they will
|
| important work is the concept of the
| |
| | be able to maintain an "identity" and a
|
| Network. People congregate in cities,
| |
| | consistent pattern of communication which
|
| mate, and reproduce, thus providing genes
| |
| | they will develop over time.Such a figure
|
| with new "survival machines". But Dawkins
| |
| | could host a site, accept, welcome and
|
| himself suggested that the new Replicator
| |
| | guide visitors, all the time bearing
|
| is the "meme" - an idea, belief,
| |
| | their preferences in its electronic
|
| technique, technology, work of art, or
| |
| | "mind". It could narrate the news, like
|
| bit of information. Memes use human
| |
| | the digital anchor "Ananova" does.
|
| brains as "survival machines" and they
| |
| | Visiting sites in the future is bound to
|
| hop from brain to brain and across time
| |
| | be a much more pleasant affair.D. The
|
| and space ("communications") in the
| |
| | Transport of Value - E-cashIn 1996, four
|
| process of cultural (as distinct from
| |
| | corporate giants (Visa, MasterCard,
|
| biological) evolution. The Internet is a
| |
| | Netscape and Microsoft) agreed on a
|
| latter day meme-hopping playground. But,
| |
| | standard for effecting secure payments
|
| more importantly, it is a Network. Genes
| |
| | through the Internet: SET. Internet
|
| move from one container to another
| |
| | commerce is supposed to mushroom to $25
|
| through a linear, serial, tedious process
| |
| | billion by 2003. Site owners will be able
|
| which involves prolonged periods of one
| |
| | to collect rent from passing visitors -
|
| on one gene shuffling ("sex") and
| |
| | or fees for services provided within the
|
| gestation. Memes use networks. Their
| |
| | site. Amazon instituted an honour system
|
| propagation is, therefore, parallel,
| |
| | to collect donations from visitors.
|
| fast, and all-pervasive. The Internet is
| |
| | PayPal provides millions of users with
|
| a manifestation of the growing
| |
| | cash substitutes. Gradually, the Internet
|
| predominance of memes over genes. And the
| |
| | will compete with central banks and
|
| Semantic Web may be to the Internet what
| |
| | banking systems in money creation and
|
| Artificial Intelligence is to classic
| |
| | transfer.E. The Transport of Interactions
|
| computing. We may be on the threshold of
| |
| | - The Virtual OrganizationThe Internet
|
| a self-aware Web.2. The Internet as a
| |
| | allows for simultaneous communication and
|
| Chaotic LibraryA. The Problem of
| |
| | the efficient transfer of multimedia
|
| CataloguingThe Internet is an assortment
| |
| | (video included) files between an
|
| of billions of pages which contain
| |
| | unlimited number of users. This opens up
|
| information. Some of them are visible and
| |
| | a vista of mind boggling opportunities
|
| others are generated from hidden
| |
| | which are the real core of the Internet
|
| databases by users' requests ("Invisible
| |
| | revolution: the virtual collaborative
|
| Internet").The Internet exhibits no
| |
| | ("Follow the Sun") modes.Examples:A group
|
| discernible order, classification, or
| |
| | of musicians is able to compose music or
|
| categorization. Amazingly, as opposed to
| |
| | play it - while spatially and temporally
|
| "classical" libraries, no one has yet
| |
| | separated;Advertising agencies are able
|
| invented a (sorely needed) Internet
| |
| | to co-produce ad campaigns in a real time
|
| cataloguing standard (remember Dewey?).
| |
| | interaction;Cinema and TV films are
|
| Some sites indeed apply the Dewey Decimal
| |
| | produced from disparate geographical
|
| System to their contents (Suite101).
| |
| | spots through the teamwork of people who
|
| Others default to a directory structure
| |
| | never meet, except through the Net.These
|
| (Open Directory, Yahoo!, Look Smart and
| |
| | examples illustrate the concept of the
|
| others).Had such a standard existed (an
| |
| | "virtual community". Space and time will
|
| agreed upon numerical cataloguing method)
| |
| | no longer hinder team collaboration, be
|
| - each site could have self-classified.
| |
| | it scientific, artistic, cultural, or an
|
| Sites would have an interest to do so to
| |
| | ad hoc arrangement for the provision of a
|
| increase their visibility. This,
| |
| | service (a virtual law firm, or
|
| naturally, would have eliminated the need
| |
| | accounting office, or a virtual
|
| for today's clunky, incomplete and
| |
| | consultancy network). The intranet can
|
| (highly) inefficient search engines.Thus,
| |
| | also be thought of as a "virtual
|
| a site whose number starts with 900 will
| |
| | organization", or a "virtual
|
| be immediately identified as dealing with
| |
| | business".The virtual mall and the
|
| history and multiple classification will
| |
| | virtual catalogue are prime examples of
|
| be encouraged to allow finer
| |
| | spatial and temporal liberation.In 1998,
|
| cross-sections to emerge. An example of
| |
| | there were well over 300 active virtual
|
| such an emerging technology of "self
| |
| | malls on the Internet. In 2000, they were
|
| classification" and "self-publication"
| |
| | frequented by 46 million shoppers, who
|
| (though limited to scholarly resources)
| |
| | shopped in them for goods and
|
| is the "Academic Resource Channel" by
| |
| | services.The virtual mall is an Internet
|
| Scindex.Moreover, users will not be
| |
| | "space" (pages) wherein "shops" are
|
| required to remember reams of numbers.
| |
| | located. These shops offer their wares
|
| Future browsers will be akin to
| |
| | using visual, audio and textual means.
|
| catalogues, very much like the
| |
| | The visitor passes through a virtual
|
| applications used in modern day
| |
| | "gate" or storefront and examines the
|
| libraries. Compare this utopia to the
| |
| | merchandise on offer, until he reaches a
|
| current dystopy. Users struggle with
| |
| | buying decision. Then he engages in a
|
| mounds of irrelevant material to finally
| |
| | feedback process: he pays (with a credit
|
| reach a partial and disappointing
| |
| | card), buys the product, and waits for it
|
| destination. At the same time, there
| |
| | to arrive by mail (or downloads it).The
|
| likely are web sites which exactly match
| |
| | manufacturers of digital products
|
| the poor user's needs. Yet, what
| |
| | (intellectual property such as e-books or
|
| currently determines the chances of a
| |
| | software) have begun selling their
|
| happy encounter between user and content
| |
| | merchandise on-line, as file downloads.
|
| - are the whims of the specific search
| |
| | Yet, slow communications speeds,
|
| engine used and things like meta-tags,
| |
| | competing file formats and reader
|
| headlines, a fee paid, or the right
| |
| | standards, and limited bandwidth -
|
| opening sentences.B. Screen vs. PageThe
| |
| | constrain the growth potential of this
|
| computer screen, because of physical
| |
| | mode of sale. Once resolved -
|
| limitations (size, the fact that it has
| |
| | intellectual property will be sold
|
| to be scrolled) fails to effectively
| |
| | directly from the Net, on-line. Until
|
| compete with the printed page. The latter
| |
| | such time, the mediation of the Post
|
| is still the most ingenious medium yet
| |
| | Office is still required. As long as this
|
| invented for the storage and release of
| |
| | is the state of the art, the virtual mall
|
| textual information. Granted: a computer
| |
| | is nothing but a glorified computerized
|
| screen is better at highlighting discrete
| |
| | mail catalogue or Buying Channel, the
|
| units of information. So, these differing
| |
| | only difference being the exceptionally
|
| capacities draw the battle lines:
| |
| | varied inventory.Websites which started
|
| structures (printed pages) versus units
| |
| | as "specialty stores" are fast
|
| (screen), the continuous and easily
| |
| | transforming themselves into
|
| reversible (print) versus the discrete
| |
| | multi-purpose virtual malls. Amazon.com,
|
| (screen).The solution lies in finding an
| |
| | for instance, has bought into a virtual
|
| efficient way to translate computer
| |
| | pharmacy and into other virtual
|
| screens to printed matter. It is hard to
| |
| | businesses. It is now selling music,
|
| believe, but no such thing exists.
| |
| | video, electronics and many other
|
| Computer screens are still hostile to
| |
| | products. It started as a bookstore.This
|
| off-line printing. In other words: if a
| |
| | contrasts with a much more creative idea:
|
| user copies information from the Internet
| |
| | the virtual catalogue. It is a form of
|
| to his word processor (or vice versa, for
| |
| | narrowcasting (as opposed to
|
| that matter) - he ends up with a
| |
| | broadcasting): a surgically accurate
|
| fragmented, garbage-filled and
| |
| | targeting of potential consumer
|
| non-aesthetic document.Very few site
| |
| | audiences. Each group of profiled
|
| developers try to do something about it -
| |
| | consumers (no matter how small) is fitted
|
| even fewer succeed.C. Dynamic vs. Static
| |
| | with their own - digitally generated -
|
| InteractionsOne of the biggest mistakes
| |
| | catalogue. This is updated daily: the
|
| of content suppliers is that they do not
| |
| | variety of wares on offer (adjusted to
|
| provide a "static-dynamic
| |
| | reflect inventory levels, consumer
|
| interaction".Internet-based content can
| |
| | preferences, and goods in transit) - and
|
| now easily interact with other media
| |
| | prices (sales, discounts, package deals)
|
| (e.g., CD-ROMs) and with non-PC platforms
| |
| | change in real time. Amazon has
|
| (PDA's, mobile phones).Examples abound:A
| |
| | incorporated many of these features on
|
| CD-ROM shopping catalogue interacts with
| |
| | its web site. The user enters its web
|
| a Web site to allow the user to order a
| |
| | site and there delineates his consumption
|
| product. The catalogue could also be
| |
| | profile and his preferences. A customized
|
| updated through the site (as is the
| |
| | catalogue is immediately generated for
|
| practice with CD-ROM encyclopedias). The
| |
| | him including specific recommendations.
|
| advantages of the CD-ROM are clear: very
| |
| | The history of his purchases, preferences
|
| fast access time (dozens of times faster
| |
| | and responses to feedback questionnaires
|
| than the access to a Web site using a
| |
| | is accumulated in a database. This
|
| dial up connection) and a data storage
| |
| | intellectual property may well be
|
| capacity hundreds of times bigger than
| |
| | Amazon's main asset.There is no
|
| the average Web page.Another example:A
| |
| | technological obstacles to implementing
|
| PDA plug-in disposable chip containing
| |
| | this vision today - only administrative
|
| hundreds of advertisements or a "yellow
| |
| | and legal (patent) ones. Big brick and
|
| pages". The consumer selects the ad or
| |
| | mortar retail stores are not up to
|
| entry that she wants to see and connects
| |
| | processing the flood of data expected to
|
| to the Internet to view a relevant video.
| |
| | result. They also remain highly sceptical
|
| She could then also have an interactive
| |
| | regarding the feasibility of the new
|
| chat (or a conference) with a
| |
| | medium. And privacy issues prevent data
|
| salesperson, receive information about
| |
| | mining or the effective collection and
|
| the company, about the ad, about the
| |
| | usage of personal data (remember the case
|
| advertising agency which created the ad -
| |
| | of Amazon's "Readers' Circles").The
|
| and so on.CD-ROM based encyclopedias
| |
| | virtual catalogue is a private case of a
|
| (such as the Britannica, or the Encarta)
| |
| | new internet off-shoot: the "smart
|
| already contain hyperlinks which carry
| |
| | (shopping) agents". These are AI
|
| the user to sites selected by an
| |
| | applications with "long memories".They
|
| Editorial Board.NoteCD-ROMs are probably
| |
| | draw detailed profiles of consumers and
|
| a doomed medium. Storage capacity
| |
| | users and then suggest purchases and
|
| continually increases exponentially and,
| |
| | refer to the appropriate sites,
|
| within a year, desktops with 80 Gb hard
| |
| | catalogues, or virtual malls.They also
|
| disks will be a common sight. Moreover,
| |
| | provide price comparisons and the new
|
| the much heralded Network Computer - the
| |
| | generation cannot be blocked or fooled by
|
| stripped down version of the personal
| |
| | using differing product categories.In the
|
| computer - will put at the disposal of
| |
| | future, these agents will cover also
|
| the average user terabytes in storage
| |
| | brick and mortar retail chains and, in
|
| capacity and the processing power of a
| |
| | conjunction with wireless,
|
| supercomputer. What separates computer
| |
| | location-specific services, issue a map
|
| users from this utopia is the
| |
| | of the branch or store closest to an
|
| communication bandwidth. With the
| |
| | address specified by the user (the
|
| introduction of radio and satellite
| |
| | default being his residence), or yielded
|
| broadband services, DSL and ADSL, cable
| |
| | by his GPS enabled wireless mobile or
|
| modems coupled with advanced compression
| |
| | PDA. This technology can be seen in
|
| standards - video (on demand), audio and
| |
| | action in a few music sites on the web
|
| data will be available speedily and
| |
| | and is likely to be dominant with
|
| plentifully.The CD-ROM, on the other
| |
| | wireless internet appliances. The owner
|
| hand, is not mobile. It requires
| |
| | of an internet enabled (third generation)
|
| installation and the utilization of
| |
| | mobile phone is likely to be the target
|
| sophisticated hardware and software. This
| |
| | of geographically-specific marketing
|
| is no user friendly push technology. It
| |
| | campaigns, ads and special offers
|
| is nerd-oriented. As a result, CD-ROMs
| |
| | pertaining to his current location (as
|
| are not an immediate medium. There is a
| |
| | reported by his GPS - satellite
|
| long time lapse between the moment of
| |
| | Geographic Positioning System).F. The
|
| purchase and the moment the user accesses
| |
| | Transport of Information - Internet
|
| the data. Compare this to a book or a
| |
| | NewsInternet news are advantaged. They
|
| magazine. Data in these oldest of media
| |
| | are frequently and dynamically updated
|
| is instantly available to the user and
| |
| | (unlike static print news) and are always
|
| they allow for easy and accurate "back"
| |
| | accessible (similar to print news),
|
| and "forward" functions.Perhaps the
| |
| | immediate and fresh.The future will
|
| biggest mistake of CD-ROM manufacturers
| |
| | witness a form of interactive news. A
|
| has been their inability to offer an
| |
| | special "corner" in the news Web site
|
| integrated hardware and software package.
| |
| | will accommodate "breaking news" posted
|
| CD-ROMs are not compact. A Walkman is a
| |
| | by members of the the public (or
|
| compact hardware-cum-software package. It
| |
| | corporate press releases). This will
|
| is easily transportable, it is thin, it
| |
| | provide readers with a glimpse into the
|
| contains numerous, user-friendly,
| |
| | making of the news, the raw material news
|
| sophisticated functions, it provides
| |
| | are made of. The same technology will be
|
| immediate access to data. So does the
| |
| | applied to interactive TVs. Content will
|
| discman, or the MP3-man, or the new
| |
| | be downloaded from the internet and
|
| generation of e-books (e.g., E-Ink's).
| |
| | displayed as an overlay on the TV screen
|
| This cannot be said about the CD-ROM. By
| |
| | or in a box in it. The contents
|
| tying its future to the obsolete concept
| |
| | downloaded will be directly connected to
|
| of stand-alone, expensive, inefficient
| |
| | the TV programming. Thus, the biography
|
| and technologically unreliable personal
| |
| | and track record of a football player
|
| computers - CD-ROMs have sentenced
| |
| | will be displayed during a football match
|
| themselves to oblivion (with the possible
| |
| | and the history of a country when it gets
|
| exception of reference material).D.
| |
| | news coverage.4. Terra Internetica -
|
| Online ReferenceA visit to the on-line
| |
| | Internet, an Unknown ContinentLaymen and
|
| Encyclopaedia Britannica demonstrates
| |
| | experts alike talk about "sites" and
|
| some of the tremendous, mind boggling
| |
| | "advertising space". Yet, the Internet
|
| possibilities of online reference - as
| |
| | was never compared to a new continent
|
| well as some of the obstacles.Each entry
| |
| | whose surface is infinite.The Internet
|
| in this mammoth work of reference is
| |
| | has its own real estate developers and
|
| hyperlinked to relevant Web sites. The
| |
| | construction companies. The real life
|
| sites are carefully screened. Links are
| |
| | equivalents derive their profits from the
|
| available to data in various forms,
| |
| | scarcity of the resource that they
|
| including audio and video. Everything can
| |
| | exploit - the Internet counterparts
|
| be copied to the hard disk or to a R/W
| |
| | derive their profits from the tenants
|
|
